Trump's deep-sea mining order violates global norms: France

Washington wants to spearhead mining for mineral-rich nodules in the deepest ocean floor, sidestepping a global effort to regulate such potentially damaging exploration.

France has led a diplomatic push to impose a global moratorium on deep-sea mining until more is known about its potential environmental consequences.

The country's ambassador for the oceans, Olivier Poivre d'Arvor, said the United States was "violating the principle of non-appropriation of the high seas" by looking to issue mining permits in international waters.

"No one can claim the right to destroy the oceans, especially those over which they have no territorial rights. This is the strict application of international law," Poivre d'Arvor told journalists in an online briefing.

"The abyss is not for sale," he added.

The seafloor holds untapped stores of key minerals that are essential for modern technology. But the ecology of that dark realm is still poorly understood.

As commercial interest in the seabed has grown, global regulators have tried to devise a level playing field and environmental protections for the nascent deep-sea mining industry.

The United States never ratified the agreements that empower the International Seabed Authority's jurisdiction over seabeds in international waters, and is not a member of the UN-affiliated body.

Poivre d'Arvor said that France, which is hosting the UN Oceans Conference in June, has forged a coalition of 32 countries opposed to deep-sea mining until the long-term impacts are better understood.

Some 20 experts signed a scientific report last month calling for a global moratorium on deep-sea mining for at least 10 to 15 years or until enough information is available.

"It's urgent to wait, not to rush into it right away," Bruno David, a prominent French scientist commissioned by President Emmanuel Macron to write the report, told journalists on Monday.

The report warned that dredging the seafloor for minerals could spread giant clouds of sediment for hundreds of square kilometres beyond the mining site and risked heavy metals impacting the food chain.

"Science must guide our choices," added David, describing the actions of Trump's administration as "delusional".

China -- which holds more exploration licences than any other country, but has held off mining awaiting the ISA's rules -- last week said Washington's decision harmed global interests and violated international norms.